{"id":10415,"date":"2020-05-29T08:56:37","date_gmt":"2020-05-29T08:56:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jurmed.ro\/medici\/?p=10415"},"modified":"2020-05-29T08:56:37","modified_gmt":"2020-05-29T08:56:37","slug":"ziua-mondiala-fara-tutun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jurmed.ro\/medici\/ziua-mondiala-fara-tutun\/","title":{"rendered":"Ziua Mondial\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 Tutun"},"content":{"rendered":"

Si \u00een acest an, \u00een data de 31 Mai, Organiza\u021bia Mondial\u0103 a S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii celebreaz\u0103 ,,Ziua Mondial\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 Tutun\u2019\u2019, prilej de a reaminti efectele nocive ale produselor din tutun \u0219i \u00een egal\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103 ale fumatului pasiv.<\/p>\n

\u00cen 2020, campania global\u0103 are ca obiectiv demascarea miturilor \u0219i expunerea tacticilor imorale folosite de industria tutunului. Aceast\u0103 campanie \u201a,f\u0103r\u0103 secrete\u2019\u2019, \u00ee\u0219i propune s\u0103 ofere tinerilor cuno\u0219tin\u021bele necesare pentru a detecta cu u\u0219urin\u021b\u0103 manipularea industriei tutunului, sus\u021bin\u00e2ndu-i astfel s\u0103 lupte \u00eempotriva ei.<\/p>\n

Acest lucru este deosebit de important mai ales acum, \u00een acest context pandemic, deoarece studiile arat\u0103 c\u0103 fum\u0103torii au un risc mai mare de a dezvolta forme severe de infec\u021bie cu coronavirus.
\nLa nivel mondial exist\u0103 1,3 miliarde de consumatori de tutun. Num\u0103rul ar fi \u0219i mai mare dac\u0103 tutunul nu i-ar ucide pe jum\u0103tate dintre utilizatorii s\u0103i. La fiecare patru secunde, tutunul ia o alt\u0103 via\u021b\u0103. Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce con\u0219tientizarea daunelor consumului de tutun a crescut \u0219i eforturile globale de control al tutunului s-au intensificat \u00een ultimul deceniu, acceptabilitatea social\u0103 a consumului de tutun a sc\u0103zut. Acest lucru a f\u0103cut ca cei din industria tutunului s\u0103-\u0219i revizuiasc\u0103 tacticile \u0219i s\u0103 atrag\u0103 noi utilizatori. \u201eCei mai viza\u0163i de campaniile de publicitate la noile produse de tutun sunt copiii \u015fi adolescen\u0163ii, c\u0103rora li se induce mesajul c\u0103 aceste produse nu sunt d\u0103un\u0103toare s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii\u201d<\/em> – a declarat Dr. Monica Marc, Pre\u015fedintele Sec\u0163iunii de Tabacologie a Societ\u0103\u0163ii Rom\u00e2ne de Pneumologie.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>\u00cen ultimii ani au ap\u0103rut noi produse, promovate ca av\u00e2nd riscuri reduse pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate. \u021aig\u0103rile electronice \u0219i produsele care con\u021bin tutun \u00eenc\u0103lzit sunt adesea promovate ca produse de consum \u201ecu risc redus\u201d, \u201ef\u0103r\u0103 fum\u201d, \u201eacceptabile social\u201d. Aceste strategii de promovare au poten\u021bialul de a determina utilizarea pe termen lung a produselor de nicotin\u0103, determin\u00e2nd dependen\u021b\u0103, sub pretextul de a fi o alternativ\u0103 mai s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103. Se exploateaz\u0103 faptul c\u0103 efectele nocive ale acestora pe termen lung nu au fost stabilite \u0219i nu sunt \u00eenc\u0103 reglementate \u00een majoritatea \u021b\u0103rilor, ceea ce le permite s\u0103 promoveze utilizarea lor.<\/p>\n

\u00cen Rom\u00e2nia s-a observat o cre\u0219tere a interesului tinerilor fa\u021b\u0103 de produsele care con\u021bin tutun. Astfel, putem spune c\u0103 a ap\u0103rut o nou\u0103 categorie a consumatorilor de tutun, cei care vapeaz\u0103 \u021bigara electronic\u0103 \u0219i cei care consum\u0103 produsele de tutun \u00eenc\u0103lzit. Conform Global Youth Tobacco Survey, realizat \u00een 2017, de\u0219i consumul de \u021bigar\u0103 clasic\u0103 a sc\u0103zut \u00een r\u00e2ndul tinerilor din Rom\u00e2nia, procentul elevilor cu v\u00e2rsta \u00eentre 13 \u0219i 15 ani care au consumat vreodat\u0103 m\u0103car un produs din tutun, inclusiv produsele din tutun \u00eenc\u0103lzit, a crescut \u00een 2017 fa\u0163\u0103 de 2013 cu 7,5%, de la 35,9% la 38,6%. \u00cen r\u00e2ndul fetelor, aceast\u0103 cre\u0219tere este \u0219i mai \u00eengrijor\u0103toare, cu 17,4%, de la 31% la 36,4%. Aceast\u0103 evolu\u021bie negativ\u0103 este accentuat\u0103 de cre\u0219terea \u00een 2017 comparativ cu 2014, a procentului elevilor care fumeaz\u0103 curent \u021big\u0103ri electronice. Astfel, \u00een 2017, procentul total al elevilor care fumau curent \u0163ig\u0103ri electronice era aproape egal cu cel al celor care fumau \u021big\u0103ri obi\u0219nuite, 8,2% respectiv 8,6%, dar \u0219i mai grav, mai mul\u021bi b\u0103ie\u021bi afirmau c\u0103 fumeaz\u0103 curent \u021big\u0103ri electronice dec\u00e2t \u021big\u0103ri obi\u0219nuite (10,1% versus 9,8%).<\/p>\n

Strategiile de marketing sunt deosebit de eficiente \u00een vizarea copiilor \u0219i adolescen\u021bilor \u0219i au poten\u021bialul de a men\u021bine dependen\u021ba de nicotin\u0103 la tineri la nivel global. B\u0103t\u0103lia pentru consumator se duce din ce \u00een ce mai mult pe platformele de socializare, astfel c\u0103 ,,influencerii\u2019\u2019 urm\u0103ri\u021bi de copii \u0219i adolescen\u021bi sunt invita\u021bi de aceste industrii s\u0103 serveasc\u0103 drept \u201eambasadori ai m\u0103rcii\u201d, chiar dac\u0103 \u00een post\u0103ri nu sunt dezv\u0103luite detaliile sponsoriz\u0103rii. O alt\u0103 modalitate eficient\u0103 este oferirea de burse de studiu, sponsorizarea unor programe \u0219colare sau tabere iar accesul constant la internet al tinerilor a dus la abord\u0103ri axate pe jocuri video \u0219i aplica\u021bii preferate de tineri. Expunerea la produsele din tutun sau comercializarea e-\u021big\u0103rilor \u00een mediile de divertisment influen\u021beaz\u0103 inten\u021bia copiilor \u0219i adolescen\u021bilor de a utiliza aceste produse.<\/p>\n

\u021aig\u0103rile gratuite la diferite evenimente (festivaluri, centre comerciale), diverse obiecte cu logo uri ale companiilor de tutun, \u021bigarete electronice de unic\u0103 utilizare \u0219i v\u00e2nz\u0103rile pe internet,
\nvizeaz\u0103 de asemenea recrutarea tinerilor \u00een r\u00e2ndul consumatorilor de tutun. O alt\u0103 strategie adoptat\u0103 pentru a determina tinerii s\u0103 ini\u021bieze consumul de tutun a fost folosirea aromelor la \u021big\u0103rile electronice \u0219i narghilea. P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prezent, cercet\u0103torii au identificat peste 15.000 de arome de \u021bigar\u0103 electronic\u0103 disponibile, de la arome fructate la gust de bomboane. Reclamele de produse aromate pot spori atractivitatea \u0219i pot \u00eencuraja copiii \u0219i\u00a0 adolescen\u021bii s\u0103 cumpere \u0219i s\u0103 \u00eencerce produse cu nicotin\u0103. Aromele pot sc\u0103dea percep\u021bia asupra nocivit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i dependen\u021bei produselor nicotinei.<\/p>\n

Modele elegante, cu dimensiuni de buzunar, dispozitivele pentru tutun \u00eenc\u0103lzit sunt promovate pe scar\u0103 larg\u0103 ca produse moderne, de \u00eenalt\u0103 tehnologie, cu modele minimaliste \u0219i lans\u0103ri de produse care le \u00eenf\u0103\u021bi\u0219eaz\u0103 drept produse atractive \u0219i inofensive. Toate aceste strategii sunt menite s\u0103 atrag\u0103 tinerii \u0219i adolescen\u021bii \u00een r\u00e2ndul consumatorilor de tutun, de aceea OMS \u0219i-a propus s\u0103 dema\u0219te aceste tactici \u0219i s\u0103 avertizeze tinerii despre asaltul zilnic la care sunt supu\u0219i.\n<\/p>\n

Prof. Dr. Florin Mih\u0103l\u0163an, unul din sus\u0163in\u0103torii vehemen\u0163i ai legisla\u0163iei antifumat \u015fi membru fondator al coali\u0163iei care a stat la baza aprob\u0103rii acestei legi, afirm\u0103 c\u0103 asist\u0103m la o avalan\u015f\u0103 de \u015ftiri false \u00een ceea ce prive\u015fte consumul de tutun \u015fi COVID 19, induc\u00e2ndu-se ideea c\u0103 fumatul ar avea un rol protector. O revizuire a studiilor efectuate de exper\u021bi \u00een s\u0103n\u0103tate public\u0103 convoca\u021bi de OMS la 29 aprilie 2020 a constatat c\u0103 fum\u0103torii sunt mai susceptibili s\u0103 dezvolte boli severe cu COVID-19, comparativ cu nefum\u0103torii. De asemenea, ace\u015ftia au o predispozi\u0163ie de a face astfel de infec\u0163ii mai repede din cauza deficitului de ap\u0103rare. Acest deficit creeaz\u0103 nu doar un risc de boal\u0103 crescut, dar induce \u00een acela\u015fi timp o \u00eent\u00e2rziere, o prelungire p\u00e2n\u0103 la momentul vindec\u0103rii.<\/p>\n

Mai mult dec\u00e2t at\u00e2t, Prof. Dr. Ruxandra Ulmeanu, Pre\u015fedintele Societ\u0103\u0163ii Rom\u00e2ne de Pneumologie, subiliniaz\u0103 c\u0103 \u201e\u00een acest context pandemic, Organiza\u0163ia Mondial\u0103 a S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii face apel la to\u021bi tinerii s\u0103 se al\u0103ture luptei antifumat, pentru a deveni o genera\u021bie f\u0103r\u0103 tutun.\u201dOMS evalueaz\u0103 constant noi cercet\u0103ri, inclusiv cercet\u0103ri care examineaz\u0103 leg\u0103tura dintre consumul de tutun, consumul de nicotin\u0103 \u0219i COVID-19. OMS \u00eendeamn\u0103 cercet\u0103torii, oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 \u0219i mass-media s\u0103 fie precau\u021bi cu privire la amplificarea afirma\u021biilor neprobate c\u0103 tutunul sau nicotina ar putea reduce riscul de COVID-19. \u00cen prezent, nu exist\u0103 informa\u021bii suficiente pentru a confirma orice leg\u0103tur\u0103 \u00eentre tutun sau nicotin\u0103 \u00een prevenirea sau tratamentul COVID- 19.<\/p>\n

Terapiile de \u00eenlocuire a nicotinei, precum guma de mestecat \u0219i plasturii sunt concepute pentru a ajuta fum\u0103torii s\u0103 renun\u021be la tutun. OMS recomand\u0103 fum\u0103torilor s\u0103 ia m\u0103suri imediate pentru a renun\u021ba la fumat, prin utilizarea metodelor dovedit eficiente, cum ar fi liniile telefonice gratuite, SMS-urile, terapie de substitu\u021bie nicotinic\u0103, programele de renun\u021bare online.<\/p>\n

OMS subliniaz\u0103 importan\u021ba unei cercet\u0103ri sistematice, de \u00eenalt\u0103 calitate, care s\u0103 contribuie la promovarea s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii individuale \u0219i publice, subliniind c\u0103 promovarea interven\u021biilor neprobate ar putea avea un efect negativ asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii generale.\u00a0 Societatea Rom\u00e2n\u0103 de Pneumologie se al\u0103tur\u0103 pe deplin acestor demersuri \u015fi, prin ac\u0163iunile \u015fi evenimentele sale, sus\u0163ine ini\u0163iativele antifumat ale Organiza\u0163iei Mondiale a S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii.<\/p>\n

Dr. Monica Marc<\/em>
\nPre\u015fedintelele Sec\u0163iunii de Tabacologie a Societ\u0103\u0163ii Rom\u00e2ne de Pneumologie (SRP)<\/em><\/p>\n

Prof. Dr. Florin Mih\u0103l\u0163an<\/em>
\nPre\u015fedintele Sec\u0163iunii de Somnologie \u015fi Ventila\u0163ie Non-Invaziv\u0103 a Societ\u0103\u0163ii Rom\u00e2ne de Pneumologie (SRP) Membru fondator al coali\u0163iei care a f\u0103cut posibil\u0103 aprobarea legii antifumat \u00een spa\u0163iile publice din Rom\u00e2nia<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Si \u00een acest an, \u00een data de 31 Mai, Organiza\u021bia Mondial\u0103 a S\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii celebreaz\u0103 ,,Ziua Mondial\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 Tutun\u2019\u2019, prilej de a reaminti efectele nocive ale produselor din tutun \u0219i \u00een […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":10416,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10415","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-stiri-noutati"],"yoast_head":"\nZiua Mondial\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 Tutun - Jurmed - Medici<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ziua Mondial\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 Tutun\u2019\u2019, prilej de a reaminti efectele nocive ale produselor din tutun \u0219i \u00een egal\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103 ale fumatului pasiv.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jurmed.ro\/medici\/ziua-mondiala-fara-tutun\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ziua Mondial\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 Tutun - 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