{"id":7689,"date":"2018-02-07T14:25:16","date_gmt":"2018-02-07T14:25:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jurmed.ro\/medici\/?p=7689"},"modified":"2018-02-07T14:26:37","modified_gmt":"2018-02-07T14:26:37","slug":"7689-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/jurmed.ro\/medici\/7689-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Ruptura ligamentului \u00eencruci\u0219at anterior (LIA) – ce trebuie s\u0103 \u0219tii!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ligamentele \u00eencruci\u0219ate sunt situate central \u00een interiorul genunchiului. Ele au\u00a0un rol important \u00een stabilizarea articula\u021biei genunchiului \u00een timpul activit\u0103\u021bii fizice.\u00a0Ele sunt denumite astfel deoarece se \u00eencruci\u0219eaz\u0103 la propriu \u00een articula\u021bie. \u00cempreun\u0103\u00a0cu componentele osoase ale articula\u021biei \u0219i meniscurile, ghideaz\u0103 mi\u0219carea
\ngenunchiului.<\/p>\n

Dac\u0103 un ligament \u00eencruci\u0219at este rupt, biomecanica normal\u0103 a articula\u021biei\u00a0este modificat\u0103. Celelalte ligamente \u0219i mu\u0219chii pot prelua doar par\u021bial func\u021bia\u00a0ligamentului rupt. In consecin\u021b\u0103 evolu\u021bia spre uzur\u0103 este mai rapid\u0103. Astfel, mai
\ndevreme sau mai t\u00e2rziu se instaleaz\u0103 artroza. De asemenea, pierderea unui\u00a0stabilizator important al genunchiului determin\u0103 o instabilitate a genunchiului care\u00a0poate limita \u00een grade variate nivelul de activitate fizic\u0103 al pacientului. La anumite\u00a0mi\u0219c\u0103ri pot s\u0103 apar\u0103 fenomene de sc\u0103pare, instabilitate dureroas\u0103 a genunchiului,\u00a0asociate cu \u00eenc\u0103rcarea anormal\u0103 a cartilajului articular \u0219i meniscurilor care se pot\u00a0deterioara.<\/p>\n

Ruptura ligamentului incruci\u0219at anterior este cauzat\u0103 de un traumatism. De regul\u0103, mecanismul de producere const\u0103 \u00eentro\u00a0mi\u0219care de r\u0103sucire efectuat\u0103 \u00een timpul unei activit\u0103\u021bi sportive.
\nRuptura ligamentului \u00eencruci\u0219at anterior este cea mai frecvent\u0103 leziune ligamentar\u0103 a genunchiului, \u00een timp ce ligamentul\u00a0\u00eencruci\u0219at posterior se rupe foarte rar.<\/p>\n

Diagnosticul rupturii ligamentului \u00eencruci\u0219at anterior se bazeaz\u0103 \u00een primul r\u00e2nd pe istoricului pacientului (anamnez\u0103) \u0219i\u00a0examinarea clinic\u0103 a articula\u021biei genunchiului. \u00cen plus, se folosesc metode de diagnostic imagistic, cum ar fi rezonan\u021b\u0103 magnetic\u0103\u00a0care completeaz\u0103 informa\u021bia referitoare la genunchiul accidentat.<\/p>\n

\u00cen cazul \u00een care ligamentul \u00eencruci\u0219at este rupt, articula\u021bia genunchiului poate fi stabilizat\u0103 printr-o procedur\u0103\u00a0artroscopic\u0103. Aceasta se efectuez\u0103 de regula dup\u0103 remiterea simptomatologiei acute. Intruc\u00e2t ligamentul \u00eencruci\u0219at nu se vindec\u0103\u00a0dec\u00e2t \u00een situa\u021bii excep\u021bionale, resturile r\u0103mase nu mai sunt func\u021bionale \u0219i necesit\u0103 \u00eenlocuire. Pentru aceasta se utilizeaz\u0103 de regul\u0103\u00a0unul sau dou\u0103 tendoane de acela\u0219i pacient, care se prepar\u0103 \u00eentr-o manier\u0103 specific\u0103 \u0219i apoi se plaseaz\u0103 \u00een articula\u021bia genunchiului\u00a0\u00een acela\u0219i loc pe care \u00eel ocupa ligamentul \u00eencruci\u0219at nativ.
\nAceast\u0103 opera\u021bie de \u00eenlocuire este dificil\u0103 din punct de vedere tehnic \u0219i ar trebui s\u0103 fie efectuat\u0103 numai de c\u0103tre un chirurg\u00a0experimentat, specializat \u00een astfel de interven\u021bii. Aceast\u0103 interven\u021bie necesit\u0103 cunoa\u0219terea profund\u0103 a articula\u021biei genunchiului,\u00a0experien\u021ba \u00een chirurgia artroscopic\u0103 precum \u0219i aparatura de \u00eenalt\u0103 performan\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n

Argumentele \u00een favoarea unei opera\u021bii de ligament \u00eencruci\u0219at (ligamentoplastie), metoda chirurgical\u0103, momentul\u00a0operator corect, recuperarea \u0219i revenirea la sport sunt aspecte pe care fiecare pacient trebuie s\u0103 le discute \u00een detaliu cu medicul s\u0103u\u00a0curant. Pentru aceasta este important\u0103 o bun\u0103 comunicare doctor-pacient.<\/p>\n

Prognosticul pe termen lung al unei astfel de opera\u021bii, efectuat\u0103 corect, este \u00een general bun\u0103: stabilitatea articula\u021biei este\u00a0asigurat\u0103 ani de zile. Cu toate acestea, pacientul \u00een cauz\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 \u0219tie c\u0103 aparitia unei artroze \u00een articula\u021bia lezat\u0103 nu poate fi\u00a0\u00eentotdeauna prevenit\u0103, aceasta depinzand \u00een mod decisiv de leziunile preexistente sau de leziunile asociate (rupturile de menisc sau
\ncartilaj).<\/p>\n

Recuperea postoperatorie este extrem de important\u0103.\u00a0Pacientul trebuie s\u0103 respecte \u00eentocmai recomand\u0103rile chirurgului\u00a0ortoped \u0219i pe cele ale specialistului \u00een recuperare. Aceasta trece
\nprin mai multe etape \u00een care se cre\u0219te progresiv nivelul de\u00a0activitate. Integrarea biologica a noului ligament \u00eencruci\u0219at\u00a0dureaz\u0103 \u00eentre 6 \u0219i 12 luni. Nerespectarea recomad\u0103rilor medicale
\n\u0219i \u00eentoarcerea prea timpurie la sport (recrea\u021bional sau de\u00a0performan\u021b\u0103) este asociata cu un risc crescut de re-ruptur\u0103.<\/p>\n

Prin urmare<\/span>, ruptura ligamentelor \u00eencruci\u0219ate este o\u00a0afec\u021biune frevent\u0103 mai ales la persoanele sportive, dar care poate fi\u00a0diagnosticat\u0103 \u0219i tratat\u0103 cu succes dac\u0103 exist\u0103 un parteneriat serios
\n\u00eentre pacient, chirurgul ortoped \u0219i specialistul \u00een recuperare.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
Dr.Roman Mihai, \u00a0medic primar ortopedie Aria Clinic, Sibiu, Sos. Alba Iulia nr.100, facebook\/Aria Clinic, www.aria.com.ro
tel: 0269 22 77 72 sau 0269 22 77 73<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ligamentele \u00eencruci\u0219ate sunt situate central \u00een interiorul genunchiului. Ele au\u00a0un rol important \u00een stabilizarea articula\u021biei genunchiului \u00een timpul activit\u0103\u021bii fizice.\u00a0Ele sunt denumite astfel deoarece se \u00eencruci\u0219eaz\u0103 la propriu \u00een articula\u021bie. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":7691,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[363],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7689","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-reabilitare-medicala"],"yoast_head":"\nRuptura ligamentului \u00eencruci\u0219at<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ruptura ligamentului \u00eencruci\u0219at\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/jurmed.ro\/medici\/7689-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ruptura ligamentului \u00eencruci\u0219at\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ruptura ligamentului \u00eencruci\u0219at\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/jurmed.ro\/medici\/7689-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Jurmed - 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